CPU (Central Processing Unit): The brain of the computer, responsible for processing instructions.
Motherboard: The main circuit board that connects all other components.
RAM (Random Access Memory): Provides temporary data storage for running programs. More RAM allows for smoother multitasking.
Storage: Where you store your operating system, games, and files. Can include:
SSD (Solid State Drive): Faster storage option with quicker boot times and application loading.
HDD (Hard Disk Drive): Slower but offers larger storage capacity for a lower price.
GPU (Graphics Processing Unit): Handles graphics processing, crucial for gaming and video editing. Integrated graphics on the CPU work for basic tasks, but dedicated GPUs offer significant performance boosts.
Case: Houses all your PC components and provides airflow.
PSU (Power Supply Unit): Provides power to all your components. Choose a PSU with enough wattage to handle your system’s power draw.
Other Important Terms:
Case Form Factor: The size and layout of the case. Common types include ATX, Micro ATX, and Mini ITX. These determine motherboard compatibility.
CPU Socket: The slot on the motherboard where the CPU is installed. Different socket types fit specific CPU models.
Thermal Paste: Conducts heat away from the CPU to the cooler.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System): The firmware that the PC uses to start up and initialize hardware.
SATA (Serial ATA): A common interface for connecting storage devices like HDDs and SSDs to the motherboard.
PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express): A high-speed expansion slot used for graphics cards and other high-performance components.
Clock Speed: Measured in GHz (gigahertz), indicates how many cycles the CPU can complete per second. Higher clock speeds generally mean faster performance.
Core Count: The number of independent processing units within a CPU. More cores allow for handling multiple tasks simultaneously.
Overclocking: Pushing a component beyond its default speed for increased performance. This can be risky if not done properly.
Benchmark: A test that measures a component’s performance.
Jargon:
Mobo: Motherboard (slang)
Rig: A built PC (slang)
Bottleneck: When one component limits the performance of another (e.g., a slow CPU bottlenecking a powerful GPU).
Watercooling: A liquid cooling system for CPUs, typically used in high-performance builds.
Aircooling: A traditional cooling system using fans and heatsinks.
RGB: Refers to colored LED lighting used for aesthetics in PC cases and components.
This glossary should provide a good foundation for understanding common PC building terms and jargon.
